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b326fec486
This modification adds the capability to newsyslog to write the
rotation message in a format that is compliant with RFC5424. This
capability is enabled on a per-log file basis through a new value
("T") in the flags field in newsyslog.conf. This is useful on systems
that use the RFC5424 format for log files so that the rotation message
format matches that of the other log messages. There has been recent
mention of adding an RFC5424 compliant mode to syslogd and at least
one alternative system log daemon (rsyslogd) that already has the
capability to use that format.
Reviewed by: vangyzen, ngie
Approved by: vangyzen (mentor)
MFC after: 2 months
Relnotes: yes
Sponsored by: Dell EMC
Differential Revision: https://reviews.freebsd.org/D10253
417 lines
10 KiB
Groff
417 lines
10 KiB
Groff
.\" This file was split from the newsyslog(8) manual page by Tom Rhodes
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.\" and includes modifications as appropriate.
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.\" The original header is included below:
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.\"
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.\" This file contains changes from the Open Software Foundation.
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.\"
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.\" from: @(#)newsyslog.8
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.\" $FreeBSD$
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.\"
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.\" Copyright 1988, 1989 by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
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.\"
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.\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
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.\" and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is
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.\" hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice
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.\" appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and
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.\" this permission notice appear in supporting documentation,
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.\" and that the names of M.I.T. and the M.I.T. S.I.P.B. not be
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.\" used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution
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.\" of the software without specific, written prior permission.
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.\" M.I.T. and the M.I.T. S.I.P.B. make no representations about
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.\" the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is
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.\" provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
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.\"
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.Dd May 19, 2017
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.Dt NEWSYSLOG.CONF 5
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.Os
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.Sh NAME
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.Nm newsyslog.conf
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.Nd
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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configuration file
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.Sh DESCRIPTION
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The
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.Nm
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file is used to set log file rotation configuration for the
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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utility.
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Configuration may designate that logs are rotated based on
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size, last rotation time, or time of day.
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The
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.Nm
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file can also be used to designate secure permissions to log
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files at rotation time.
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During initialization,
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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reads a configuration file,
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normally
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.Pa /etc/newsyslog.conf ,
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to determine which logs may potentially be rotated and archived.
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Each line has five mandatory fields and four optional fields,
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separated with whitespace.
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Blank lines or lines beginning with
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.Ql #
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are ignored.
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If
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.Ql #
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is placed in the middle of the line, the
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.Ql #
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character and the rest of the line after it is ignored.
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To prevent special meaning, the
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.Ql #
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character may be escaped with
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.Ql \e ;
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in this case preceding
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.Ql \e
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is removed and
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.Ql #
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is treated as an ordinary character.
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The fields of the configuration file are as follows:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Ar logfile_name
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Name of the system log file to be archived,
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or one of the literal strings
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.Dq Aq Li default ,
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or
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.Dq Aq Li include .
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The special default entry will only be used if a log file
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name is given as a command line argument to
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.Xr newsyslog 8 ,
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and if that log file name is not matched by any other
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line in the configuration file.
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The include entry is used to include other configuration
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files and supports globbing.
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.It Ar owner : Ns Ar group
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This optional field specifies the owner and group for the archive file.
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The
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.Ql \&:
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is essential regardless if the
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.Ar owner
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or
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.Ar group
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field is left blank or contains a value.
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The field may be numeric, or a name which is present in
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.Pa /etc/passwd
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or
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.Pa /etc/group .
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.It Ar mode
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Specify the file mode of the log file and archives.
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.It Ar count
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Specify the maximum number of archive files which may exist.
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This does not consider the current log file.
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.It Ar size
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When the size of the log file reaches
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.Ar size
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in kilobytes, the log file will be trimmed as described above.
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If this field contains an asterisk
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.Pq Ql * ,
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the log file will not be trimmed based on size.
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.It Ar when
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The
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.Ar when
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field may consist of an interval, a specific time, or both.
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If the
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.Ar when
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field contains an asterisk
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.Pq Ql * ,
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log rotation will solely depend on the contents of the
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.Ar size
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field.
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Otherwise, the
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.Ar when
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field consists of an optional interval in hours, usually followed
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by an
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.So Li \&@ Sc Ns No -sign
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and a time in restricted
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.Tn ISO 8601
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format.
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Additionally, the format may also be constructed with a
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.Ql $
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sign along with a rotation time specification of once
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a day, once a week, or once a month.
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.Pp
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Time based trimming happens only if
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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is run within one hour of the specified time.
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If an interval is specified, the log file will be trimmed if that many
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hours have passed since the last rotation.
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When both a time and an interval are
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specified then both conditions must be satisfied for the rotation to
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take place.
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.Pp
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There is no provision for the specification of a timezone.
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There is little point in specifying an explicit minutes or
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seconds component in the current implementation, since the only comparison is
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.Dq within the hour .
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.Pp
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.Sy ISO 8601 restricted time format :
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.Pp
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The lead-in character for a restricted
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.Tn ISO 8601
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time is an
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.Ql @
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sign.
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The particular format of the time in restricted
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.Tn ISO 8601
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is:
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.Sm off
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.Oo Oo Oo Oo Oo
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.Va cc Oc
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.Va yy Oc
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.Va mm Oc
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.Va dd Oc
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.Oo
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.Li T Oo
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.Va hh Oo
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.Va mm Oo
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.Va ss
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.Oc Oc Oc Oc Oc .
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.Sm on
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Optional date fields default to the appropriate component of the
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current date; optional time fields default to midnight; hence if today
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is January 22, 1999, the following date specifications are all
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equivalent:
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.Pp
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.Bl -item -compact -offset indent
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.It
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.Sq Li 19990122T000000
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.It
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.Sq Li 990122T000000
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.It
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.Sq Li 0122T000000
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.It
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.Sq Li 22T000000
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.It
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.Sq Li T000000
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.It
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.Sq Li T0000
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.It
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.Sq Li T00
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.It
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.Sq Li 22T
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.It
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.Sq Li T
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.It
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.Sq Li \&
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.El
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.Pp
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.Sy Day, week, and month time format:
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.Pp
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The lead-in character for day, week, and month specification is a
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.Ql $
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sign.
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The particular format of day, week, and month specification is:
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.Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
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.Op Li W Ns Va w Ns Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
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and
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.Op Li M Ns Va dd Ns Op Li D Ns Va hh ,
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respectively.
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Optional time fields default to midnight.
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The ranges for day and hour specifications are:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact
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.It Ar hh
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hours, range 0..23
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.It Ar w
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day of week, range 0..6, 0 = Sunday
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.It Ar dd
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day of month, range 1..31, or one of the letters
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.Ql L
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or
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.Ql l
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to specify the last day of the month.
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.El
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.Pp
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Some examples:
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.Pp
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.Bl -tag -width indent -offset indent -compact
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.It Li $D0
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rotate every night at midnight
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(same as
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.Li @T00 )
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.It Li $D23
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rotate every day at 23:00
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(same as
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.Li @T23 )
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.It Li $W0D23
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rotate every week on Sunday at 23:00
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.It Li $W5D16
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rotate every week on Friday at 16:00
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.It Li $M1D0
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rotate at the first day of every month at midnight
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(i.e., the start of the day; same as
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.Li @01T00 )
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.It Li $M5D6
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rotate on every fifth day of month at 6:00
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(same as
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.Li @05T06 )
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.El
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.It Ar flags
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This optional field is made up of one or more characters
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that specify any special processing to be done for the log
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files matched by this line.
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The following are valid flags:
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.Bl -tag -width indent
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.It Cm B
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indicates that the log file is a binary file, or has some
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special format.
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Usually
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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inserts an
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.Tn ASCII
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message into a log file during rotation.
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This message is used to indicate
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when, and sometimes why the log file was rotated.
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If
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.Cm B
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is specified, then that informational message will not be
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inserted into the log file.
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.It Cm C
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indicates that the log file should be created if it does not
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already exist, and if the
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.Fl C
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option was also specified on the command line.
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.It Cm D
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indicates that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should set the
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.Dv UF_NODUMP
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flag when creating a new version of
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this log file.
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This option would affect how the
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.Xr dump 8
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command treats the log file when making a file system backup.
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.It Cm G
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indicates that the specified
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.Ar logfile_name
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is a shell pattern, and that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should archive all filenames matching that pattern using the
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other options on this line.
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See
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.Xr glob 3
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for details on syntax and matching rules.
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.It Cm J
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indicates that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
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log file using
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.Xr bzip2 1 .
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.It Cm X
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indicates that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
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log file using
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.Xr xz 1 .
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.It Cm Y
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indicates that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
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log file using
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.Xr zstd 1 .
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.It Cm N
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indicates that there is no process which needs to be signaled
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when this log file is rotated.
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.It Cm R
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if this flag is set the
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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will run shell command defined in
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.Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
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after rotation instead of trying to send signal to a process id
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stored in the file.
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.It Cm T
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if this flag is set the informational rotation message written to
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the log file will be in the format specified by RFC5424.
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Normally, the rotation message is written in the traditional (RFC3164)
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syslog format.
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.It Cm U
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indicates that the file specified by
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.Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
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will contain the ID for a process group instead of a process.
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This option also requires that the first line in that file
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be a negative value to distinguish it from a process ID.
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.It Cm Z
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indicates that
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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should attempt to save disk space by compressing the rotated
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log file using
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.Xr gzip 1 .
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.It Fl
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a minus sign will not cause any special processing, but it
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can be used as a placeholder to create a
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.Ar flags
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field when you need to specify any of the following fields.
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.El
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.It Ar path_to_pid_cmd_file
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This optional field specifies the file name containing a daemon's
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process ID or to find a group process ID if the
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.Cm U
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flag was specified.
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If this field is present, a
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.Ar signal
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is sent to the process ID contained in this file.
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If this field is not present and the
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.Cm N
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flag has not been specified, then a
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.Dv SIGHUP
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signal will be sent to
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.Xr syslogd 8
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or to the process id found in the file specified by
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.Xr newsyslog 8 Ns 's
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.Fl S
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switch.
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This field must start with
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.Ql /
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in order to be recognized properly.
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When used with the
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.Cm R
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flag, the file is treated as a path to a binary to be executed
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by the
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.Xr newsyslog 8
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after rotation instead of sending the signal out.
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.It Ar signal
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This optional field specifies the signal that will be sent to the daemon
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process (or to all processes in a process group, if the
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.Cm U
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flag was specified).
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If this field is not present, then a
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.Dv SIGHUP
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signal will be sent.
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Signal names
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must start with
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.Dq SIG
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and be the signal name, e.g.,
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.Dv SIGUSR1 .
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Alternatively,
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.Ar signal
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can be the signal number, e.g., 30 for
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.Dv SIGUSR1 .
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.El
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.Sh EXAMPLES
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The following is an example of the
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.Dq Aq Li include
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entry:
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.Dl "<include> /etc/newsyslog-local.conf"
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.Sh SEE ALSO
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.Xr bzip2 1 ,
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.Xr gzip 1 ,
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.Xr xz 1 ,
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.Xr syslog 3 ,
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.Xr chown 8 ,
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.Xr newsyslog 8 ,
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.Xr syslogd 8
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.Pp
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.Rs
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.%A C. Lonvick
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.%T The BSD syslog Protocol
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.%O RFC3164
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.Re
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.Rs
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.%A R. Gerhards
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.%T The Syslog Protocol
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.%O RFC5424
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.Re
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.Sh HISTORY
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This manual page first appeared in
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.Fx 4.10 .
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