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LICENSE IPL10 FIXES 124760 Remove generated HTML from the respository Update XML to support autogeneration of Index files via XSLT Add graphics referenced by generated HTML output Add top level index.html used by the docs.openafs.org web site. Add NTMakefile for AdminGuide, QuickStartUnix, and UserGuide that utilizes XSLT to generate Windows HTMLHelp (.CHM) and website appropriate HTML output. In AdminGuide and UserGuide, relabel the documentation as OpenAFS instead of IBM AFS. Create a new revision entry for the OpenAFS docs. Incorporate updates to QuickStartUnix Appendix A
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<chapter id="HDRWQ6">
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<title>Installation Overview</title>
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<para>This chapter describes the type of instructions provided in this
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guide and the hardware and software requirements for installing
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<trademark class="registered">AFS</trademark>.</para>
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<para>Before beginning the installation of your cell's first machine,
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read this chapter and the material from the <citetitle>OpenAFS
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Administration Guide</citetitle> listed in <link
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linkend="HDRWQ8">Recommended Reading List</link>. It is also best to
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read through <link linkend="HDRWQ17">Installing the First AFS
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Machine</link> before beginning the installation, so that you understand
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the overall scope of the installation procedure. Similarly, before
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installing additional server or client machines it is best to read
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through <link linkend="HDRWQ99">Installing Additional Server
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Machines</link> and <link linkend="HDRWQ133">Installing Additional
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Client Machines</link>.</para>
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<para>If you are already running a version of AFS, consult the upgrade
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instructions in the <citetitle>OpenAFS Release Notes</citetitle> before
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proceeding with the installation.</para>
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<para>If you are working with an existing cell that uses
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<emphasis role="bold">kaserver</emphasis> or external Kerberos v4 for
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authentication, please see the notes in
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<link linkend="KAS001">kaserver and legacy Kerberos 5 authentication</link>
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and the rest of Appendix B for how the installation
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steps will differ from those described in the rest of this guide.</para>
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<sect1 id="HDRWQ7">
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<title>The Procedures Described in this Guide</title>
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<para>This guide describes two types of installation procedures:
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initial procedures (such as installing the first AFS machine or
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incorporating AFS into the kernel) and as-needed procedures (such as
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installing additional server machines or client machines).</para>
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<sect2 id="Header_9">
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<title>Required Initial Procedures</title>
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<para>You must perform the following basic procedures to start using
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AFS.</para>
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<sect3 id="Header_10">
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<title>Incorporating AFS Into the Kernel</title>
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<para>You must incorporate AFS modifications into the kernel of
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every client machine. On some operating systems you must also
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incorporate these modifications into the kernels of server machines.
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Depending on
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the operating system, you either use a program for dynamic kernel
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loading, build a new static kernel, or can choose between the
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two. For your convenience, the instructions for incorporating AFS
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into the kernel appear in full in every chapter where you need to
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use them.
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<indexterm>
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<primary>roles for first AFS machine</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>first AFS machine</primary>
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<secondary>roles</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_11">
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<title>Installing the First AFS Machine</title>
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<para>You install the first AFS machine in your cell to function
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as both an AFS server and client machine. You can disable the
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client functionality after completing the installation, if you
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wish.</para>
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<para>The first server machine in a cell performs several
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functions:
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>It may act as the <emphasis>system control
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machine</emphasis>, distributing certain
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configuration files to the other server machines in the
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cell</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>It may act as the <emphasis>binary distribution
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machine</emphasis> for its system type, distributing AFS
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binaries to other server machines of its system type</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>It acts as the first <emphasis>database server
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machine</emphasis>, running the server processes that
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maintain the AFS administrative databases</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<para>After you install server and client functionality, you
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complete other procedures specific to the first machine, including
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setting up the top levels of your cell's AFS filespace.</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="Header_12">
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<title>As-needed Procedures</title>
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<sect3 id="Header_13">
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<title>Upgrading the Operating System</title>
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<para>Upgrading the operating system requires you to take several
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steps to protect data and AFS-modified binaries from being lost or
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overwritten. For guidelines, see <link linkend="HDRWQ14">About
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Upgrading the Operating System</link>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_14">
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<title>Installing Additional File Server Machines</title>
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<para>See <link linkend="HDRWQ100">Installing an Additional File
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Server Machine</link>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_15">
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<title>Configuring or Decommissioning Database Server Machines</title>
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<para>See <link linkend="HDRWQ114">Installing Database Server
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Functionality</link> and <link linkend="HDRWQ125">Removing
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Database Server Functionality</link>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_16">
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<title>Installing Additional AFS Client Machines</title>
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<para>See <link linkend="HDRWQ133">Installing Additional Client
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Machines</link>.</para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_17">
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<title>Building AFS from Source Code</title>
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<para>See <link linkend="HDRWQ163">Appendix A, Building AFS from
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Source Code</link></para>
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</sect3>
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<sect3 id="Header_17a">
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<title>Configuring Legacy Components</title>
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<para>See <link linkend="Legacy">Appendix B, Configuring Legacy
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Components</link>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>background reading list</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>reading list for background information</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</para>
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</sect3>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="HDRWQ8">
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<title>Recommended Reading List</title>
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<para>To develop the best understanding of the overall scope of an
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installation procedure, read through the entire chapter or section
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that describes it before performing any actions.</para>
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<para>In addition, familiarity with some basic AFS concepts can make
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the installation more efficient, because you understand better the
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purpose of the steps. The following is a prioritized list of material
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to read before installing the first AFS machine. At minimum, read the
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first chapter of the <citetitle>OpenAFS Administration
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Guide</citetitle>. Then continue your reading in the indicated order,
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as extensively as you can. It is more important at this point to read
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the conceptual material in each section than the instructions.</para>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">Selected Topics in the <emphasis>OpenAFS
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Administration Guide</emphasis></emphasis>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The chapter titled <emphasis>An Overview of AFS
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Administration</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Administering Server
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Machines</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>Local Disk Files on a
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Server Machine</emphasis>, <emphasis>The Four Roles for a Server
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Machine</emphasis>, <emphasis>Maintaining the Server CellServDB
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File</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Monitoring and
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Controlling Server Processes</emphasis> chapter:
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<emphasis>Controlling and Checking Process
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Status</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Managing Server
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Encryption Keys</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>About Server
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Encryption Keys</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Managing
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Volumes</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>About Volumes</emphasis>,
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<emphasis>Creating Read/write Volumes</emphasis>,
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<emphasis>Clones and Cloning</emphasis>, <emphasis>Mounting
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Volumes</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Administering Client
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Machines and the Cache Manager</emphasis> chapter:
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<emphasis>Overview of Cache Manager Customization</emphasis>,
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<emphasis>Configuration and Cache-related Files on the Local
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Disk</emphasis>, <emphasis>Determining the Cache Type, Size, and
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Location</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Managing Access Control
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Lists</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>Protecting Data in
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AFS</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist></para>
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<para><emphasis role="bold">More Selected Topics in the
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<emphasis>OpenAFS Administration Guide</emphasis></emphasis>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Managing
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Volumes</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>Creating and Releasing
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Read-only Volumes (Replication)</emphasis>, <emphasis>Creating
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Backup Volumes</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Administering the
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Protection Database</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>About the
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Protection Database</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Administering User
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Accounts</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>The Components of an AFS
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User Account</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Selected sections in the <emphasis>Managing Administrative
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Privilege</emphasis> chapter: <emphasis>An Overview of
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Administrative Privilege</emphasis></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="HDRWQ9">
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<title>Requirements</title>
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<para>You must comply with the following requirements to install AFS successfully. <indexterm>
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<primary>root superuser</primary>
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<secondary>as installer's login identity</secondary>
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</indexterm></para>
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<sect2 id="Header_20">
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<title>Login Identity</title>
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<para>Log into the machine you are installing as the local superuser <emphasis role="bold">root</emphasis>. When instructed,
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also authenticate with AFS as the administrative user <emphasis role="bold">admin</emphasis>. <indexterm>
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<primary>overview</primary>
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<secondary>general installation requirements</secondary>
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</indexterm> <indexterm>
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<primary>requirements</primary>
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<secondary>general</secondary>
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</indexterm></para>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="HDRWQ10">
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<title>General Requirements</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>You must have a Kerberos 5 realm running for your site, and
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the ability to create new principals within that realm. If you are
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working with an existing cell using <emphasis>kaserver</emphasis>
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or Kerberos v4 authentication, please see
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<link linkend="KAS001">kaserver and legacy Kerberos 4 authentication</link>
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for modifications to the following instructions.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You must have a NTP, or similar, timeservice running. Each AFS
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machine should derive its system time from this timeservice. If you
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are working with an existing cell, and wish to use AFS's internal
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time service, please see Appendix B for modifications to the following
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instructions.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You must have an OpenAFS Binary Distribution for each system
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type you are installing, or have built a binary from the supplied
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source code. Unless otherwise noted, the Binary Distribution
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includes software for both client and server machines.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All AFS machines that belong to a cell must be able to access each other via the network.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The machine must be running the standard, vendor-supplied version of the operating system supported by the current
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version of AFS. The operating system must already be installed on the machine's root partition.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>You must be familiar with the current operating system and disk configuration of the machine you are
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installing.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>All hardware and non-AFS software on the machine must be functioning normally.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>No critical processes can be running on the machine you are installing, because you may need to reboot it during the
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installation.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>file server machine</primary>
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<secondary>requirements for installation</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>requirements</primary>
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<secondary>file server machine (general)</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="HDRWQ11">
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<title>File Server Machine Requirements</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Cell configuration is simplest if the first machine you install has the lowest IP address of any database server
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machine you currently plan to install. If you later configure a machine with a lower IP address as a database server
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machine, you must update the <emphasis role="bold">/usr/vice/etc/CellServDB</emphasis> file on all of your cell's client
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machines before the installation. For further discussion, see <link linkend="HDRWQ114">Installing Database Server
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Functionality</link>.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>The partition mounted on the <emphasis role="bold">/usr</emphasis> directory must have at least 18 MB of disk space
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<!-- XXX - Is this still true - how big are our binaries these days? -->
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available for storing the AFS server binaries (stored by convention in the <emphasis role="bold">/usr/afs/bin</emphasis>
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directory). If the machine is also a client, there must be additional local disk space available, as specified in <link
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linkend="HDRWQ12">Client Machine Requirements</link>. The complete set of AFS binaries requires yet more space, but they
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are normally stored in an AFS volume rather than on a machine's local disk.</para>
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<para>More significant amounts of space on the partition are required by the administrative databases stored in the
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<emphasis role="bold">/usr/afs/db</emphasis> directory and the server process log files stored in the <emphasis
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role="bold">/usr/afs/logs</emphasis> directory. The exact requirement depends on many factors, such as the size of your
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cell and how often you truncate the log files.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>There must be at least one partition (or logical volume, if the operating system and AFS support them) dedicated
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exclusively to storing AFS volumes. The total number and size of server partitions on all file server machines in the cell
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determines how much space is available for AFS files.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>client machine</primary>
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<secondary>requirements for installation</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>requirements</primary>
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<secondary>client machine</secondary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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<sect2 id="HDRWQ12">
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<title>Client Machine Requirements</title>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The partition mounted on the <emphasis role="bold">/usr</emphasis> directory must have at least 4 MB of disk space
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available for storing the AFS client binaries and kernel library files (stored by convention in the <emphasis
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role="bold">/usr/vice/etc</emphasis> directory). The complete set of AFS binaries requires more space, but they are
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normally stored in an AFS volume rather than on a machine's local disk. For most system types, the instructions have you
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copy only the one kernel library file appropriate for the machine you are installing. If you choose to store all of the
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library files on the local disk, the space requirement can be significantly greater.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>On a client machine that uses a disk cache, there must be enough free space on the cache partition (by convention,
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mounted on the <emphasis role="bold">/usr/vice/cache</emphasis> directory) to accommodate the cache. The minimum
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recommended cache size is 10 MB, but larger caches generally perform better.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>On a client machine that uses a memory cache, there must be at least 5 MB of machine memory to devote to caching,
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but again more memory generally leads to better performance. For further discussion, see the sections in <link
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linkend="HDRWQ133">Installing Additional Client Machines</link> about configuring the cache.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>system types supported</primary>
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</indexterm>
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<indexterm>
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<primary>supported system types</primary>
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</indexterm>
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</sect2>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="HDRWQ13">
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<title>Supported System Types</title>
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<para>The <emphasis>OpenAFS Release Notes</emphasis> for each AFS release list the supported system types. Support for
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subsequent revisions of an operating system often becomes available between AFS releases. The OpenAFS mailing lists can provide information regarding this interim support</para>
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<para>It is the goal of OpenAFS to support AFS on a wide range of popular system types.
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Furthermore, each time an operating system vendor releases a new general availability version of a supported operating system,
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it is a goal to support AFS on it within a short time. Support can be delayed a bit longer if it is necessary to
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generate completely new binaries.</para>
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<para>It is not always possible to support AFS on every intermediate version of an operating system or for certain processor
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types. In some cases, platform limitations make certain AFS functionality (such as file server or NFS/AFS translator
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functionality) unavailable on one or more platforms. For a list of limitations, see the <emphasis>OpenAFS Release
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Notes</emphasis> or ask on the OpenAFS mailing lists. <indexterm>
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<primary>operating system upgrades</primary>
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</indexterm> <indexterm>
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<primary>upgrading the operating system</primary>
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</indexterm> <indexterm>
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<primary>AFS server partition</primary>
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<secondary>protecting during operating system upgrade</secondary>
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</indexterm> <indexterm>
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<primary>files</primary>
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<secondary>protecting during operating system upgrade</secondary>
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</indexterm></para>
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</sect1>
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<sect1 id="HDRWQ14">
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<title>About Upgrading the Operating System</title>
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<para>Whenever you upgrade an AFS machine to a different operating system, you must take several actions to maintain proper AFS
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functionality. These actions include, but are not necessarily limited to, the following. <itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>On platforms running the inode fileserver, unmount the AFS server partitions (mounted at <emphasis role="bold">/vicep</emphasis><replaceable>xx</replaceable>
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directories) on all file server machines, to prevent the vendor-supplied <emphasis role="bold">fsck</emphasis> program
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from running on them when you reboot the machine during installation of the new operating system. Before upgrading the
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operating system, it is prudent to comment out commands in the machine's initialization file that remount the server
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partitions, to prevent them from being remounted until you can replace the standard <emphasis role="bold">fsck</emphasis>
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program with the AFS-modified version. The instructions in this guide for installing AFS server machines explain how to
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replace the <emphasis role="bold">fsck</emphasis> program. If you are unsure if your platform uses the inode fileserver, it is worth following this advice for all platforms.</para>
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</listitem>
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|
|
|
<listitem>
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|
<para>Protect the AFS-modified versions of commands and configuration files from being overwritten by vendor-supplied
|
|
versions. These include <emphasis role="bold">vfsck</emphasis> (the AFS version of <emphasis role="bold">fsck</emphasis>), and configuration files such as the
|
|
one for the Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM). After you have successfully installed the operating system, remember to
|
|
move the AFS-modified commands and files back to the locations where they are accessed during normal functioning.</para>
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|
</listitem>
|
|
|
|
<!--
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|
I don't think OpenAFS has ever required the server partitions be reformatted
|
|
<listitem>
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|
<para>Reformat the server partitions to accommodate AFS-specific information, in certain cases. The upgrade instructions
|
|
that accompany the new AFS binaries for an affected platform always detail the required procedure.</para>
|
|
</listitem>
|
|
-->
|
|
</itemizedlist></para>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm>
|
|
<primary>AFS Binary Distribution</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm>
|
|
<primary>Binary Distribution (AFS)</primary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm>
|
|
<primary>CD-ROM</primary>
|
|
|
|
<secondary>packaging of AFS Binary Distribution</secondary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
|
|
<indexterm>
|
|
<primary>encryption files</primary>
|
|
|
|
<secondary>in AFS Binary Distribution</secondary>
|
|
</indexterm>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="HDRWQ15">
|
|
<title>The OpenAFS Binary Distribution</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>Binary Distributions for supported systems may be downloaded from the OpenAFS website. The distributions are in the native packaging format for the system in question, and should generally be installed using your system's package management tools.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>For those distributions provided as tar files, or those built from source, the instructions in this guide specify how to copy out both binaries and configuration files</para>
|
|
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
|
|
<sect1 id="HDRWQ16">
|
|
<title>How to Continue</title>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are installing the first AFS machine in your cell, proceed to <link linkend="HDRWQ17">Installing the First AFS
|
|
Machine</link>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are installing an additional file server machine, or configuring or decommissioning a database server machine,
|
|
proceed to <link linkend="HDRWQ99">Installing Additional Server Machines</link>.</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>If you are installing an additional client machine, proceed to <link linkend="HDRWQ133">Installing Additional Client
|
|
Machines</link>.</para>
|
|
</sect1>
|
|
</chapter>
|